Computer Organization

How computer hardware works at the lowest levels — from logic gates to CPUs.

topics
topic CPU Architecture ALU, control unit, registers, clock, instruction set architecture (ISA), and microarchitecture. read topic Memory Cache (L1/L2/L3), RAM, ROM, locality of reference, and cache coherence protocols. read topic Logic Gates AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR, truth tables, combinational circuits, and Boolean algebra. read topic Instruction Cycle Fetch, decode, execute, memory access, write-back — the five-stage pipeline. read topic Pipelining Instruction pipelining, hazards (structural, data, control), forwarding, and branch prediction. read topic Interrupts Hardware vs software interrupts, interrupt handler, vector table, and context saving. read topic Assembly Basics MOV, ADD, JMP, CMP, CALL, RET — the fundamental instruction mnemonics. read